Establishment and Operation of the International Scientific Regional Center for Astronomical Mega-Facilities postprint

Abstract: With the continuous deepening of astronomical research, the construction and operation of the International Astronomical Large Facility (IALF) has increasingly become an essential factor in promoting scientific progress. This study summarizes the current construction and operation mechanism of the International Astronomical Large Devices (IALDs) science regional centers and discusses their roles in data management, scientific cooperation, and user support. Firstly, it introduces the definition of science regional centers and their importance in astronomical research and then analyzes the successful cases of several typical regional centers, including the Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR) telescope and the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), emphasizing the impact of infrastructure, technology investments, and management structures on their success. In addition, this study discusses the current challenges, such as resource allocation, data sharing, and cooperation mechanisms, and anticipates future directions and trends. By summarizing the practical experiences at home and abroad, this paper aims to provide references and lessons for the construction and operation of future scientific regional centers for astronomical mega facilities.